Vilacota Maure Regional Conservation Area, Natural reserve in Tacna Region, Peru.

Vilacota Maure Regional Conservation Area is a high-altitude protected area in Tacna Department, southern Peru, covering valleys, volcanoes, and mountain peaks. The Maure River runs through the territory, which also contains lagoons and wetlands set among the Andean highlands.

The conservation area was officially established in 2009 by government decree to protect the river basin and the Andean ecosystems within it. This recognition followed growing awareness of the region's role as a water source for surrounding lowland areas.

Communities living here have raised alpacas and llamas on the highland pastures for generations. These animals remain central to daily life, and herders still follow traditional practices passed down within their families.

The area is reachable by vehicle from Tacna city, with a drive of a few hours through the Andean highlands. Visitors should prepare for cold temperatures and low humidity at altitude, and local guides can be helpful for navigating the terrain.

The reserve takes its name from Laguna Vilacota and its outflow, the Río Maure. Within its 124,313.18 hectares rise several volcanoes: Yucamane in the far northwest, Pisacani in the centre, Casiri in the south and Achacollo in the far southeast. The area is managed by the Regional Government of Tacna under IUCN category VI.