Fortaleza de Santa Teresa, Fortified colonial structure in Rocha Department, Uruguay
Fortaleza de Santa Teresa is a Portuguese-Spanish fortification on Uruguay's Atlantic coast featuring five bastions and thick granite walls. The structure sits atop a rocky hill and now functions as a museum displaying weapons, military equipment, and offering visitors access to its chapel and historic areas.
Portuguese workers began building the fortress in 1762, but Spanish forces took control of the unfinished project and completed it in 1793. It served as a key military outpost to defend the southern border against attacks and invasions.
The name honors Saint Teresa and reflects the spiritual importance the site held for colonial settlers. Visitors can still see the small chapel inside, which shows how religion and military defense were closely intertwined.
The fortress is accessible by car and can be explored on foot around the grounds, though the terrain is somewhat hilly. The site is exposed to sun and wind, so bringing water and sun protection is advisable when visiting.
The fortress cemetery preserves graves of Guaraní leaders, soldiers, and local residents from around 1800. This burial ground reveals how different groups lived and died together within this military stronghold.
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