Biblioteca Nacional de Brasília, Public library in Cultural Complex of the Republic, Brasília, Brazil

The Biblioteca Nacional de Brasília is a public library in the Cultural Complex of the Republic, next to the National Museum on the Esplanade of Ministries. Its rectangular glass-and-concrete building, designed by Oscar Niemeyer, measures 120 m long, 17 m wide and 25 m high, with four floors on pilotis and cobogós shading the interior.

The library was conceived in Lúcio Costa's original plan for Brasília in the late 1950s and designed by Oscar Niemeyer. A 1962 decree under Prime Minister Tancredo Neves first studied its creation, but construction only began after 2005, when Law 3,699 named it after Leonel de Moura Brizola. The building was handed over in 2006 and opened to the public on 12 December 2008.

The library bears the name of Leonel de Moura Brizola, a Brazilian politician known for his commitment to education. Visitors today can attend readings and exhibitions that highlight Brazilian writers and regional literary traditions.

The entrance is on the Esplanade of Ministries, within walking distance of the other buildings in the Cultural Complex. Weekdays tend to be the best time to visit, as weekend access may be more limited.

The building's name honours Leonel de Moura Brizola, governor of Rio Grande do Sul and Rio de Janeiro, under Law No. 3,699 of 10 November 2005, signed by governor Joaquim Roriz. The library's collection grew only from donations until 2012, notably the private libraries of poet Aricy Curvello and poet Marly de Oliveira; in January 2013, R$413,000 was released to buy books.