Ciaruteun inscription, Stone inscription in Cibungbulang, Indonesia.
The Ciaruteun inscription is a carved river boulder in Ciaruteun Ilir, Cibungbulang, Bogor Regency, about 19 kilometres northwest of Bogor. The eight-tonne stone measures 200 by 150 centimetres. Its rough surface bears Pallava script in four Sanskrit lines, a pair of carved footprints with toes and a row of small round marks, and a larger looping script with hooked forms.
The inscription dates from the 5th century and documents the reign of King Purnawarman in the Tarumanagara kingdom. This early Hindu ruler left several inscribed stones across West Java that testify to his power and faith.
The Sanskrit verse compares King Purnawarman's footprints to those of Vishnu, presenting the ruler as protector of his people. The paired soles carved at the top of the stone, with a tuber, tendrils and a spider beside them, worked as a seal of authenticity and a claim on the land, much like a signature today.
The site is located roughly 19 kilometers (12 miles) northwest of central Bogor and can be reached via local roads. Replicas of the inscription can be viewed at the National Museum of Indonesia and the Jakarta History Museum if the original location proves difficult to access.
A protective shelter built in 1981 preserves the eight-tonne stone, which was displaced during an 1893 flood. Restoration work later returned the inscription to its current location, where it now remains accessible to visitors.
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