Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge

The refuge encompasses 25 acres of mixed pine-hardwood forest and includes Thomas Spring, a quarter-acre pond supporting endangered watercress darters.

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service acquired Thomas Spring in 1980 and constructed a second pond in 1983 to expand the habitat for watercress darters.

The refuge demonstrates the importance of protecting small, specialized habitats that support endangered species within expanding urban environments.

Visitors can explore hiking trails and view educational displays about the watercress darter, while fishing remains prohibited to protect the endangered species.

Thomas Spring represents one of only four locations near Birmingham where the watercress darter, a small fish reaching 2.5 inches, maintains its population.

Location: Jefferson County

Inception: 1980

Website: https://fws.gov/watercressdarter

GPS coordinates: 33.37460,-86.96290

Latest update: March 2, 2025 21:35