Jefferson County

Jefferson County covers 1,124 square miles (2,911 square kilometers) across central Alabama and includes Birmingham along with mountain ranges such as Shades Mountain and Red Mountain. This region lies in the heart of the state and connects urban areas with forested ridges.

Named after President Thomas Jefferson, this territory was established in 1819 and grew into an industrial center through steel and iron manufacturing during the 20th century. Mining and metalworking drove rapid growth across the region.

The Civil Rights movement brought national attention to this region through protests and demonstrations in 1963 that led to important social changes. These events remain visible today through memorials and museums that preserve the memory of those struggles.

The health department maintains records and provides medical services including immunization programs and specialty clinics for residents. Administrative offices are located in Birmingham and operate on weekdays.

This territory experienced the largest municipal bankruptcy in American history in 2011, with a debt of 4 billion dollars primarily caused by sewer system renovation costs. The financial crisis led to deep restructuring of local government operations.

Location: Alabama

Inception: December 13, 1819

Capital city: Birmingham

Shares border with: Tuscaloosa County, Bibb County, Blount County, Walker County, St. Clair County, Shelby County

Website: http://jeffconline.jccal.org

GPS coordinates: 33.52000,-86.81000

Latest update: December 13, 2025 15:43