Kilbourne Hole

Kilbourne Hole is a large elliptical basin formed by volcanic activity in the New Mexico desert. The depression sinks several hundred feet deep into the earth and measures roughly 1.7 miles along its length and over a mile across its width.

The basin formed thousands of years ago when volcanic eruptions brought hot material from deep within the earth to the surface. Federal authorities recognized its geological importance and protected it as a National Natural Landmark in 1975.

NASA selected this location for training Apollo astronauts in 1969 and 1970, preparing them for geological studies during lunar missions.

The site sits in a remote desert area and can be viewed from nearby vantage points, though some sections of the land are privately owned. It is wise to check with local authorities before planning a visit to understand which areas are open to the public.

The crater contains mineral fragments with yellow and green crystal formations that come from deep layers of the earth. These rare samples give scientists direct insight into the composition of materials far beneath the planet's surface.