Gyrmyzy Gasaba, Jewish settlement in Guba District, Azerbaijan.
Gyrmyzy Gasaba is a Jewish settlement in Guba District located at 569 meters elevation across the Qudyalchay River from Guba city. It features traditional houses with red-tiled roofs and multiple synagogues that serve as focal points for the community.
The settlement was established in 1742 when Huseynali Khan granted permission for Jewish families to settle in the area, creating a protected community. This founding moment began a continuous Jewish presence that has endured for centuries.
Residents speak Judeo-Tat, Russian, and Azeri in their daily lives, with two main synagogues serving as centers of community practice. These languages and sacred spaces reflect how the settlement maintains its traditions across generations.
The settlement is reachable from Baku by road, though tourist facilities are limited in the area. Visitors should be prepared for uneven terrain and traditional pathways when exploring the site.
The settlement is the sole community outside Israel and the United States with an exclusively Jewish population. This remarkable demographic distinction makes it a strikingly rare example of an established Jewish community outside the Western world.
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