Bulgarian-Soviet friendship monument, Concrete monument on Turna Hill in Varna, Bulgaria.
The Bulgarian-Soviet Friendship Monument is a concrete structure 23 m high and 48 m wide on Turna Tepe hill. Seven 11.5 m figures stand at the front: three women on the left and four Soviet soldiers on the right. A 302-step stairway called the Stairway of Victors leads up to it, and inside are a bomb shelter and several rooms.
The monument was built in 1978 with the help of thousands of volunteers who transported massive amounts of concrete and reinforcing steel up the hillside. It was created as a memorial to the relationship between the two countries during the 20th century.
Inscriptions on the monument tell the story of historical ties between Bulgaria and Russia. The figures represent traditional hospitality through the display of bread and salt.
The site is accessible from Varna and sits on a hill overlooking the city. Wear sturdy footwear since climbing the numerous steps requires physical effort.
The 302 steps up the hill were counted by Varna resident Dobromir Nikolov, known as Sharana, and named the "Stairway of Victors". Two silver pines planted at the top symbolise friendship. The monument's eternal flame burned four gas bottles a day until the site was looted and the entrance walled up in 1989.
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