Heilongjiang Provincial Museum, Provincial museum in Harbin, China

The Heilongjiang Provincial Museum is a large collection housed in Harbin featuring over 100,000 historical artifacts, natural specimens, and cultural objects from northeastern China. The exhibits span different time periods and document how the region developed and was settled over centuries.

The building was constructed in 1904 as the Moscow Shopping Arcade, a baroque structure on the west side of Harbin's Central Square. In 1922 Russians founded the Society for the Study of Antiquities of the Eastern Province and established a museum in the arcade. After 1945 it was managed by the Soviet government, and in 1954 it received its current name, the Heilongjiang Provincial Museum.

The halls display royal silk textiles from the Jin Dynasty, craftsmanship of regional ethnic groups, and objects that reveal how people once lived in northern territories.

The museum stands at 50 Hongjun Street on the west side of the central square, next to the former site of St. Nicholas Church. Museum station, an interchange of metro lines 1 and 2, is close by. The building is a protected class-one structure, so visitors enter through the historic Moscow department store halls.

The museum preserves complete prehistoric bird fossils that offer glimpses into the ancient animal life of the region. These rare finds show how different the ecosystem was thousands of years ago.