Hekeng village tulou cluster, Historical residential complex in Fujian Province, China.
Hekeng village comprises multiple circular and rectangular earthen buildings with thick walls, central courtyards, and multi-story residential units clustered closely together. These structures are organized in a compact arrangement that follows the natural landscape of the mountainous terrain.
Construction of these fortified communal residences began in the 12th century as a response to frequent bandit attacks in the mountainous regions. The settlement continued to grow over centuries as successive generations expanded and refined the structures.
The tulou buildings housed families sharing the same clan ancestry, organizing daily life around shared central courtyards and communal spaces. Common kitchens and storage areas reinforced family bonds and turned these structures into self-contained communities.
The site is located about three hours from Xiamen city and is accessible by public transportation. Local guides are available to lead tours through the buildings and explain the architectural features and daily life practices.
The buildings use rammed earth construction with wooden and bamboo framing, which provides natural temperature regulation. This ancient building method keeps the interior cool in summer and retains warmth in winter without modern technology.
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