Yuchanglou, Heritage earthen building in Xiabanliao, China
Yuchanglou is a circular five-story structure standing 18.2 meters (60 feet) high with approximately 270 rooms built from rammed earth and wooden beams. The ground floor contains 25 separate kitchens, each with its own well, while upper levels were used for grain storage and residential purposes.
This structure was built in 1308 during the Yuan Dynasty as a collaborative effort by five families: Liu, Luo, Zhang, Tang, and Fan. Their joint decision to create this shared residence resulted in one of the largest family dwellings of that era.
The circular structure embodies Chinese philosophy through five distinct sections representing the elements metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. At its center stands an ancestral hall that served as the spiritual focus for all five families who inhabited it.
The building can be explored from the outside, where its overall form and exterior design are clearly visible. Interior access may be limited, so it is wise to check current conditions before planning a visit.
The structure features wooden columns intentionally tilted at angles up to 15 degrees, yet they have withstood centuries of earthquakes and harsh weather without failure. This unusual design choice reveals the builders' innovative approach to creating flexibility and resilience against natural forces.
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