Lunettes of Trois-Châtels and Tousey, Military fortification complex in Besançon, France
The Lunettes of Trois-Châtels and Tousey are two outworks next to the Citadelle de Besançon that strengthened the city's defense system. They consist of earth and stone structures typical of military installations built in the 18th and 19th centuries.
These outworks were established in 1792 to strengthen the Citadel of Vauban and protect the city against external threats. They were later revised and modernized during the Restoration period.
These fortifications show how France protected its border cities and demonstrate the military importance of Besançon. They are part of a larger defense system that surrounded the city and the strategic region.
The structures lie along Chemin de Trois-Châtels and can be viewed from outside, though some areas are private. Visitors should know that not all parts are fully accessible and the best view is from the paths around the installations.
These lunettes were listed as a historic monument in 1995 and are among the less well-known defense installations of the city. Together with the Citadel, they form a completely preserved defense system that illustrates the architectural strategy of the 18th century.
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