Îles Saint-Marcouf, Archipelago in Bay of Seine, France
The Saint-Marcouf islands are an archipelago in the Bay of Seine off the Normandy coast, comprising two islands: Île du Large and Île de Terre. The smaller Île de Terre has served as a bird sanctuary for decades, while the larger Île du Large remains visible with its fortification structures.
Napoleon ordered fortifications beginning in 1803, constructing a circular fort designed to defend the coast with substantial firepower. During World War II, these islands played a strategic role and were among the first Norman territories to be liberated by Allied forces.
The islands are named after Saint Marcouf, a sixth-century hermit who lived in this coastal region and left a spiritual legacy that locals still recognize. The name reflects the deep religious roots of Normandy's maritime history.
Île de Terre is accessible to visitors and functions as a bird observation area, while Île du Large remains closed for safety reasons. The best views of the islands and fortification come from the mainland or boat tours regularly offered from the coast.
The circular fort on Île du Large contains over 48 cannon ports and was built to house about 500 troops, demonstrating its importance as a coastal defense installation. This substantial fortification is now mainly observed by boat passengers viewing the ruins from the water.
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