Funicular of Tbilisi, Mountain cable railway in Tbilisi, Georgia
The Funicular of Tbilisi is a cable railway running 491 m from the Lower station on Daniel Chonkadze Street to the Mtatsminda station at 727 m above sea level, with a height difference of 235 m. The single track has a 1,000 mm gauge and a 70 m passing loop at the middle Pantheon station, where two 60-passenger cars cross. The lower station is built in a pseudo-Moorish style, while the upper station, rebuilt in 1938, is Stalinist neoclassical.
The funicular was designed by Belgian engineers in the early 1900s and opened in 1905, marking the start of Upper Tbilisi's development. This opening connected distant hilltop areas to the city below and shaped how the upper neighborhoods grew.
The upper station, rebuilt in 1938 by architects Zakaria and Nadezhda Kurdiani with A. V. Volobuev, housed a restaurant on its open verandas overlooking the city, a favourite gathering place for Tbilisi residents and guests. The funicular also appears in Ilf and Petrov's novel The Twelve Chairs, where the heroes ride it up Mount David.
The journey takes just a few minutes while climbing a steep elevation gain, making it easy to use for most visitors. Traveling during quieter hours helps avoid crowded conditions in the cabins.
The middle stop, Pantheon, is a 70-metre passing loop where the two cars cross; passengers may get off there for the Mtatsminda Pantheon, the cemetery of writers and public figures beside St David's Church. The upper station stands 727 metres above sea level, and the line's 491-metre track made it the longest of its kind in the former USSR.
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