Cathedral of the Most Holy Rosary, Portuguese colonial cathedral in Burrabazar, Kolkata, India

The Cathedral of the Most Holy Rosary is a religious building in Kolkata featuring two domed towers, a decorated pediment, and an extended portico with an arched entrance. The structure serves as the principal church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Calcutta and hosts regular services for worshippers.

Portuguese settlers in 18th-century Kolkata built a chapel served by Augustinian priests; in 1799 it was replaced by the present church, funded by the trader and philanthropist Joseph Barretto and dedicated to Our Blessed Lady of the Rosary. It served as the main church of the Padroado in Kolkata until 1834, when it became the first parish church of the newly erected Vicariate Apostolic of Bengal. The Salesians took charge from the Jesuits in 1921 and handed it to the diocesan clergy in 1972.

The interior displays fourteen Stations of the Cross carvings and figures of Madonna and Child behind the altar, reflecting the devotional practices of the community. These artworks shape how visitors experience the spiritual purpose of the space as they move through it.

The building sits on Portuguese Church Street and is easy to locate. Visitors should wear respectful clothing and be aware that it functions as an active place of worship during service times.

The neighborhood around the cathedral was known as Murgihata, a name originating from Portuguese settlers who specialized in poultry farming. This specialized trade shaped the economic activity and local identity of the area during Portuguese colonial times.