Florence Cathedral, Cathedral in central Florence, Italy
Florence Cathedral, also known as Santa Maria del Fiore, is a basilica in central Florence with three naves and a large octagonal dome. The outer walls display geometric patterns in white, green, and pink marble, while the interior features tall columns and a wide central aisle.
Construction started on September 8, 1296, following a design by Arnolfo di Cambio to replace an older church on the same site. In the 15th century, Filippo Brunelleschi added the dome, which was the largest of its time and opened a new chapter in architectural history.
The church remains an active place of worship where local congregations gather for Mass and religious ceremonies throughout the week. Visitors often witness Florentine families attending baptisms and celebrations, blending sacred tradition with the rhythm of contemporary city life.
Entry to the main nave is free, but visitors must wear appropriate clothing with covered shoulders and knees. The church closes to tourists on Sundays and religious holidays when liturgical celebrations take place.
The floor inside displays intricate marble mosaics created by grand ducal workshops during the 16th and 17th centuries. These works form a continuous pattern beneath visitors' feet, showing geometric shapes and symbolic representations.
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