Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu, Castle ruins in Okinawa, Japan
Gusuku Sites consist of nine historic structures with massive stone walls scattered across Okinawa Prefecture, including castles, a mausoleum, gardens, and sacred places. Each location was built on elevated ground for strategic defense and control of the surrounding landscape.
During the Gusuku Period from 1187 to 1314, local rulers built these fortifications on elevated ground, leading to the formation of the Ryukyu Kingdom. The sites document the rise of a regional power that later unified the island group.
The structures show a blend of Japanese, Chinese, and Southeast Asian design elements that reflect how the kingdom connected distant trade routes. This architectural mix tells the story of centuries of cultural exchange across the region.
From Naha city, you can reach central sites using the monorail to Shuri Station, but remote locations typically require a car or organized bus tour. Plan your route in advance since some locations are spread across longer distances.
The Tamaudun Royal Mausoleum contains coral reef fragments built into its interior walls and is guarded by traditional Shisa lion statues. These protective spirits appear throughout the region in Okinawan culture.
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