Maduru Oya National Park, National park in Eastern Province, Sri Lanka

Maduru Oya National Park is a protected area in eastern Sri Lanka made up of tropical dry forests, five large reservoirs, and stretches of low hill ranges. The terrain shifts between dense tree cover, open water, and rocky elevated ground, giving the park a varied character.

The park was established in 1983, partly to protect ancient irrigation works that date back before the 6th century BC. These old water structures show that people have been shaping this landscape for a very long time.

The Vedda people, one of Sri Lanka's oldest indigenous communities, live in Henanigala inside the park and still maintain parts of their traditional way of life. Visitors passing through the area can see small settlements that show how closely this community remains tied to the forest around them.

The park can be entered from several towns, including Matale, Hettipola, Mahiyangana, and Polonnaruwa, each giving access to different parts of the area. For wildlife watching, the months from March to September generally offer the clearest conditions inside the forest.

Vatica obscura, the only Dipterocarpaceae species that grows in Sri Lanka's dry zone, survives in just a few spots on the banks of the Maduru Oya and Gallodai Aru. The park also holds a stand of exotic teak in its north-eastern region.