Surame Cultural Landscape, Archaeological monument in Kebbi State, Nigeria.
Surame Cultural Landscape is an archaeological site in Kebbi State featuring remnants of stone fortifications, old wells, and foundations from multiple periods of settlement. The terrain spans several square kilometers with evidence of defensive walls and residential areas from a historical capital.
The settlement began in the 16th century as a regional center and was gradually abandoned around 1700 after several centuries of continuous occupation. This long period of habitation reflects how the community adapted to changing circumstances over time.
The stone structures reveal how residents built fortifications using local materials and engineering knowledge passed down through generations. Walking through the site, you notice how defensive design was woven into everyday settlement patterns.
The site has multiple access points and guided tours help visitors understand the historical layout and remaining structures. Sturdy footwear is necessary since the terrain is uneven with scattered stone foundations and thorny vegetation.
The site incorporated dense thorn bushes into surrounding ditches as a natural defense barrier alongside the stone walls. This combination of vegetation and masonry reveals a practical approach to protection that relied on both constructed and natural elements.
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