Laguna Caldera, Volcanic caldera in Rizal, Philippines.
Laguna Caldera is a volcanic caldera in Rizal that forms the central basin of Laguna de Bay with an elliptical depression spanning roughly 12 by 24 kilometers. Mount Sembrano rises to 743 meters and dominates the landscape of this geological formation.
This caldera formed through two major explosive eruptions approximately one million years ago and between 27,000 to 29,000 years ago. These volcanic events created the basin structure that defines the landscape we see today.
Local communities around the lagoon have adapted their way of life to this geological setting, with the Jalajala Peninsula and Talim Island being central to the regional identity. People here experience how the water and volcanic landscape shape daily routines and traditions.
The location shows no recent volcanic activity and is regularly monitored through observation stations. Visitors can explore the area while remaining aware of its geological character.
Undated maars exist at the southern end of Talim Island, while the southern slope of Mount Sembrano features an active solfataric field. These features reveal ongoing geothermal activity within the area.
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