Church of St. John the Baptist, Orthodox church in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.

The Church of St. John the Baptist is a stone Orthodox church on National Unity Square, built in the 17th-century "ship" type with a refectory and porch. Because it stands on a hillside, it rests on a brick undercroft that once housed shops rented to merchants. Its southern chapel is dedicated to St. Anna, and the Kremlin's Ivanovskaya Tower takes its name from the church.

A wooden Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist in the Lower Posad is documented from the 15th century and first appears in the 1621–1622 cadastre. In 1676 the merchant Gavriil Dranishnikov, back from Astrakhan, obtained Metropolitan Philaret's blessing to build a stone church at his own expense, partly to affirm his Orthodoxy after his wife Anna and son joined the Old Believers. Dranishnikov died in 1679 and his brother Lavrentiy completed the church, consecrated in 1683, with a southern chapel to Saint Anna. The claim that Kuzma Minin called for the liberation of Moscow from this church's porch in 1612 is a historiographical myth; no reliable source fixes the place of his appeal.

The church keeps the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God and an icon of St. John the Baptist as its shrines. Since 2009 an Orthodox rood screen hall has operated in the building. The southern chapel is dedicated to the martyr Anna, named for the wife of builder Gavriil Dranishnikov, who left him for the Old Believer schism.

The building is located on Rozhdestvenskaya Street at a central spot and can be visited regularly. Visitors should know that religious ceremonies take place during the week and hours may vary.

During the Soviet era the building was temporarily converted into a motorcycle school before being returned to religious use in the 1990s. This unusual chapter in its past shows how some structures were repurposed for entirely different functions during that time.