Sierra Morena, Granite mountain range in south-central Spain.
Sierra Morena is a granite mountain range in south-central Spain that forms a natural divide between plateau and river valley across several provinces. The landscape alternates between wooded hills, open pastures, and deep gorges carved by small rivers.
Romans mined metals here and left behind numerous mining sites that were used for centuries afterward. Fortified villages and watchtowers were built along strategic passes during Moorish rule.
The name derives from the Latin term mons marianus, meaning dark or brown mountain, and refers to the somber tone of its forested slopes. Local shepherds still use age-old droving paths that cross these hills during seasonal migrations.
Several roads cross the range and connect inland areas to Andalusia, with some sections featuring tight curves and steep climbs. Visitors planning hikes should carry plenty of water, especially in summer, and stay on shaded trails when possible.
Some valleys hold cork oak groves where bark is harvested without cutting down trees. The harvest takes place every nine years and leaves trunks with a noticeable reddish-orange color.
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