Shanwang National Geological Park, Geological park in Linqu County, Shandong, China
Shanwang National Geological Park covers about 13 square kilometres in Linqu County, central Shandong, roughly 22 km east of the county seat. Its two small basins, Jiejiahe and Baojiahe, are ringed by low basalt hills, and Yaoshan, the highest point, reaches 405.5 m. The fossil beds lie in diatomite of the Shanwang Formation, about 25 m thick and splitting into paper-thin sheets.
Yang Zhongjian, a paleontologist at the Central Geological Survey, made the first scientific survey of Shanwang in May 1935, after learning of its fossils from Cheeloo University. The fossil area was declared a national key nature reserve in 1980, and the national geological park was approved in December 2001 and opened on 24 September 2005.
Locals long called the fossil-bearing shale "Wan Juan Shu" (Ten Thousand Volumes), because the paper-thin layers peel apart like book pages. The 1935 edition of the Linqu County Gazetteer already recorded the name. Today the Shanwang fossil museum in Linqu county town, opened as a display hall in 1985, holds fossils alongside Buddhist statues and stone carvings from the county.
The park lies about 22 km east of Linqu County town in Shandong, covering roughly 13 km², with Yaoshan as its highest point at 405.5 m. The Jiejia River, a seasonal stream of the Mi River system, drains the two small basins. The fossil beds sit in diatomite about 25 m thick, splitting into paper-thin sheets, so stay on marked ground and do not prise slabs loose.
The diatomite beds are so thin that one centimetre holds forty to fifty layers, and the rock splits like pages of a book; locals called the outcrop the "Ten Thousand Volumes". Fossil insects keep intact wing veins, and some retain their original colours. The birds found here are the most abundant and best preserved so far discovered in China.
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