Ubinas, Active stratovolcano in Moquegua Region, Peru
Ubinas is an andesite stratovolcano in Moquegua Department, Peru, rising 5,672 meters (18,609 feet) above sea level. The crater measures roughly 150 meters (492 feet) across and regularly releases plumes of gas and ash into the atmosphere.
The first written records of eruptions date to the 16th century, shortly after Spanish colonization. At least 25 eruptive episodes have occurred since colonial times, repeatedly forcing evacuations of surrounding villages.
The mountain takes its name from the village of Ubinas and is regarded by surrounding communities as an Apu, a protective spirit watching over the region. Some communities still leave offerings that recall traditional rites to calm the volcano.
Visitors should maintain a minimum distance of four kilometers (2.5 miles) from the crater during active phases, as explosive events and volcanic emissions can occur. Local authorities issue regular safety advisories that adjust according to activity levels.
The Instituto Geofísico del Perú operates a network of seismic stations around the volcano, recording hundreds of micro-earthquakes inside it each day. The data help detect shifts in activity early and issue warnings for surrounding communities.
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