El Cóndor Biological Reserve, Protected biological reserve in Morona Santiago and Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador
El Cóndor Biological Reserve is a protected area covering about 2,440 hectares of mountainous terrain in southeastern Ecuador with elevations between 2,000 and 2,920 meters (6,560 and 9,580 feet). The reserve is defined by cloud forests and steep mountain ridges that create a varied landscape across the Cordillera del Condor.
The reserve was established following border conflicts between Ecuador and Peru in the 1990s, which concluded with a peace agreement in 1999. This agreement created protected zones on both sides of the border to preserve the region's biological diversity.
Shuar communities near the lower slopes maintain their traditional ways of life in settlements throughout the region. Their presence shapes how the landscape is used and viewed by those who live within and visit these mountain areas.
Visits require coordination with local tour operators who arrange guided walks through the terrain. The rugged mountain landscape and dense forests mean that proper gear and physical fitness are necessary for a comfortable visit.
The area is home to roughly 2,030 plant species and over 600 bird species because animals from the Amazon and the Andes naturally meet here. This intersection of two major ecosystems makes it a special place for wildlife.
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