Pedra Talhada Biological Reserve, Biological reserve in Quebrangulo and Lagoa do Ouro, Brazil.

Pedra Talhada Biological Reserve is a federally administered protected area of about 4,382 hectares in the municipalities of Quebrangulo, Alagoas, and Lagoa do Ouro, Pernambuco. Its terrain is mostly strongly undulating and hilly, within the Serra das Guaribas, Pedra Talhada and Serra do Cavaleiro. Lajeado dos Bois, at 860 metres, is the highest point in Alagoas. The reserve protects a remnant of Atlantic Forest in transition with xerophilous deciduous forest and thorny savannah.

A state park created in 1985 to protect Atlantic Forest in the Serras of Guaribas, Pedra Talhada and Serra do Cavaleiro was never implemented for lack of resources. The federal Pedra Talhada Biological Reserve was created on 13 December 1989 in Quebrangulo, Alagoas, and Lagoa do Ouro, Pernambuco, and is managed by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.

The reserve lies in the agreste of Alagoas and Pernambuco, where subsistence farming and cattle grazing with fire to renew pasture continued inside its limits as late as 2006. Its birdlife draws researchers: the white-necked hawk, the spot-winged wood quail and the golden-spangled piculet are among the protected species found here.

The reserve is a strict nature reserve (IUCN category Ia), so access is restricted and visits are not open to the public. The terrain is strongly undulating and hilly, with annual rainfall of 1,250 to 1,500 mm and temperatures around 25 °C year-round. The highest point, Lajeado dos Bois at 860 m, is the highest elevation in Alagoas.

The reserve protects the white-necked hawk, the Alagoas tyrannulet and the rufous gnateater, birds tied to the Atlantic Forest remnants of the interior. It is also a centre of endemism for birds, with the spot-winged wood quail and golden-spangled piculet among the species recorded there.