Ijen, Stratovolcano crater lake in East Java, Indonesia
The Ijen crater contains a one-kilometer-wide turquoise lake with extremely high acid levels, surrounded by steep volcanic walls reaching 2769 meters.
The sulfur mining operations at Ijen volcano have continued for over 700 years, providing employment and essential minerals for industrial applications.
Local miners extract sulfur blocks from the crater using traditional bamboo baskets, carrying loads weighing up to 90 kilograms down the mountain path.
Visitors need gas masks and proper hiking equipment to safely navigate the three-kilometer trail, particularly during the pre-dawn blue flame observation.
The volcanic gases ignite upon contact with air, creating natural blue flames that illuminate the darkness between midnight and early morning hours.
Location: Bondowoso
Address: Ijen, East Java, Indonesia
GPS coordinates: -8.05793,114.24310
Latest update: May 28, 2025 11:44
The island of Java showcases an exceptional heritage blending spiritual traditions and natural wonders. The temples of Prambanan and Candi Mendut attest to the grandeur of 9th-century Hindu and Buddhist civilizations, while the Candi Sewu complex reveals sacred architecture organized according to mandala principles. Active volcanoes like Mount Bromo and Kawah Ijen offer striking landscapes, from the smoking crater dominating the black sand plain to turquoise lakes where miners still extract sulfur. Javanese cities combine tradition and modernity: Jakarta features the National Monument on Merdeka Square, Bandung houses the Geology Museum founded in 1928, and Malang surprises with Kampung Biru, whose houses are entirely painted blue. The Seribu Islands extend this diversity into the Java Sea with their coral reefs, while floating markets like in Lembang maintain age-old trading practices. This array of sites invites exploration of Indonesia’s deep spirit, between spirituality, volcanic nature, and human ingenuity.
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