Pico Bonpland, Mountain summit in the Sierra Nevada, Mérida, Venezuela
Pico Bonpland is Venezuela's fourth-highest peak, rising to 4,883 metres above sea level in the Sierra Nevada de Mérida, Mérida State. It stands beside its sister peak Pico Humboldt, and both are protected within Sierra Nevada National Park along with the surrounding páramos.
The sources record no first ascent for Pico Bonpland; the 1911 claim is unsupported. The peak's documented history is geological: its glaciers formed during the Mérida glaciation of the Pleistocene. By 2011 those glaciers had all disappeared, leaving the summit ice-free. The summit and its neighbour Pico Humboldt, with the surrounding páramos, are protected within Sierra Nevada National Park.
The summit honours Aimé Bonpland, the French naturalist who accompanied Alexander von Humboldt on their American expedition, though he never set foot in the Venezuelan Andes. The name was given by later surveyors of the Sierra Nevada, and the neighbouring Pico Humboldt carries the pair's names side by side.
The summit lies in the Sierra Nevada National Park, in Mérida State, and is usually approached from the Mérida side together with neighbouring Pico Humboldt. The altitude of 4,883 m demands acclimatisation, and the weather can change within hours. The glaciers that once covered the slopes were gone by 2011, so the route crosses bare rock and scree.
Glaciers once covered the slopes of this peak during the Pleistocene, but these ice formations had completely vanished by 2011. The disappearance of the glaciers illustrates the impact of climate change on South America's high alpine regions.
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