Alta Toquima Wilderness, Protected wilderness area in Nye County, Nevada.

Alta Toquima Wilderness is a protected area in the Toquima Range with steep mountain slopes, alpine meadows, and dense forests that shift between higher and lower elevations. The landscape transitions from sagebrush shrubland up to barren alpine tundra at the highest points.

Congress established the wilderness in 1989 under the Nevada Wilderness Protection Act, which created 13 other Nevada wilderness areas totalling 2,966 km². In August 1877 the naturalist John Muir explored the range and recorded its glacial landforms in "Glacial Phenomena in Nevada". In 1978 David Hurst Thomas found the 7,000-year-old Alta Toquima settlement below Mount Jefferson's summit.

The wilderness takes its name from Alta Toquima, a prehistoric settlement about 7,000 years old located below the summit of Mount Jefferson. Archaeologist David Hurst Thomas discovered the site in 1978; it is the highest known settlement of Native American origin. The name does not come from the Shoshone language.

Visitors need high-clearance vehicles to reach the rough dirt roads leading to trailheads, as standard vehicles may struggle with the terrain. No developed facilities exist throughout the area, so bringing adequate water, supplies, and equipment is essential for any visit.

The wilderness takes its name from Alta Toquima, a prehistoric settlement about 7,000 years old found in 1978 by David Hurst Thomas just below Mount Jefferson's summit; it is the highest known Native American settlement. In August 1877 the naturalist John Muir explored the range and recorded its glacial features in "Glacial Phenomena in Nevada".