Suba Hole, Prehistoric cave in Cserépfalu, Hungary.
Suba Hole is a limestone cave in Cserépfalu that extends about 50 meters into the rock with a spacious entrance facing the Hór Valley. The interior displays distinct layers that reveal different periods of geological and human activity.
The cave is known for holding the oldest Neanderthal remains found in Hungary, dating to roughly 70,000 years ago. This discovery made the site a crucial window into early human life in the region.
The cave is named after Suba, a local betyár (outlaw) known as Suba Mihály or Suba Lukács. From 1932 to 1945 it was officially called Mussolini Cave. The name Suba-lyuk appears in 19th-century sources, including Fényes Elek's 1851 book.
The cave opens on the southern stretch of the Hór Valley, about 40 metres above the Hór stream and 279 metres above sea level, at the edge of Cserépfalu near Bükkzsérc. It has two openings, an entrance and an exit; the exit branch is protected by a railing and gives a view toward the valley mouth. The shaft uncovered by the excavations consists mostly of debris, and climbing its wall is life-threatening.
The cave's name comes from a local betyár (outlaw) called Suba Mihály or Suba Lukács, not from a resident family. Between 1932 and 1945 it was officially renamed Mussolini Cave, and the 1941 Magyar turista lexikon still lists it under that name alongside Subalyuk.
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