Wilson's Arch, Ancient stone arch near Western Wall in Jerusalem, Israel

Wilson's Arch is an ancient stone arch at the northern end of the Western Wall Plaza in Jerusalem's Old City. It is built of 23 uniform courses of dressed stone and spans 13.1 metres. The arch supported a bridge that carried the Street of the Chain over a stone-paved street below, and its lower part is visible beneath later buildings.

Construction of the arch began between 20 BCE and 20 CE, with further expansions occurring until around 60 CE during the Roman period. Archaeological digs from 2015 to 2019 confirmed this timeline through detailed examination of the structure.

The hall partly covered by the arch serves as a synagogue, entered from the northeast corner of the Western Wall Plaza, on the left of the prayer section for visitors facing the Wall. Men reach it from the plaza, women through the adjoining buildings. The arch's name honours Charles Wilson, the British engineer and officer who first studied it scientifically.

Men enter the arch hall from the Western Wall Plaza at its northeast corner, on the left of the prayer section; women reach it through the adjacent buildings. The hall lies below the Street of the Chain, which leads to the Chain Gate. The Second Temple street beneath the arch ran about 6.1 metres above bedrock.

Researchers discovered organic materials preserved in the arch's mortar that revealed details about different construction phases. These natural remains allowed scientists to precisely date how the structure developed over time.