Mahavihara of Anuradhapura

The Mahavihara of Anuradhapura is a monastery complex with multiple temples, monastic buildings, and ancient ponds scattered across a wide area. The site contains stone structures from different periods, arranged around courtyards and pathways that connect the various sacred spaces.

A king established this monastery in the 3rd century BCE as one of the first places where Buddhism was formally organized and taught on the island. Over many centuries, the site was repeatedly rebuilt and modified as the community grew and changed.

The monastery functioned as a major center of Buddhist learning where scholars and monks from many regions gathered to study and practice. The community that developed here shaped how Buddhism spread and was understood across the island and beyond.

Visitors should wear respectful clothing and allow plenty of time, as the grounds are extensive and there is much to explore. Bring water and sun protection, and wear comfortable shoes since there is significant walking involved.

The grounds contain a sacred tree that was propagated from another sacred tree in India around 2000 years ago. Pilgrims continue to visit this tree today, seeing it as a direct connection to Buddhism's founding story.