Sayan Mountains, Mountain range in southern Siberia, Russia.
The Sayan Mountains form a wide arc across southern Siberia, stretching from the Altai range to Lake Baikal with peaks reaching 3,491 meters (11,453 feet). Deep valleys cut through the range and give birth to several major rivers, while dense taiga covers the lower slopes.
The region served as a border zone between Mongolian and Russian spheres before Russian expansion moved through Siberia. Later settlers and miners opened up the area and built connections to the surrounding plains.
Local groups have lived in these mountains for centuries, leaving traces in old settlements and rock drawings visible today. Herders move to higher elevations during summer months, following routes passed down through generations.
Some areas require permits that must be arranged in advance, and many parts are accessible only during summer months. Travelers reach the range through airports in nearby cities and then use mountain roads that depend on weather conditions.
The range divides into two sections with different rock formations and vegetation, each feeding separate river systems. Together these waterways form the upper course of one of Asia's longest rivers.
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