Kaluga Oblast

Kaluga Oblast is an administrative region southwest of Moscow in Russia. The landscape shows gentle hills, forests with pines and birches, and wide valleys along the Oka River.

The region was established as a separate administrative territory in 1944 and later received the Order of Lenin recognition. The northern parts developed into industrial zones after World War Two.

Several districts still cultivate flax, a plant whose fibers have been used for textiles for centuries. Some towns retain wooden houses with carved window frames and traditional Russian garden fences.

The region sits along several roads running south from Moscow and can be reached by train or bus. The northern part contains larger towns with basic infrastructure for travelers.

The city of Obninsk holds the first civilian nuclear power plant built in the Soviet Union, which began operating in 1954. It served for years as an experimental facility and now functions as a museum.

Location: Russia

Inception: July 5, 1944

Capital city: Kaluga

Part of: Central Federal District

Shares border with: Moscow, Moscow Oblast, Tula Oblast, Oryol Oblast, Bryansk Oblast, Smolensk Oblast

Website: https://admoblkaluga.ru

GPS coordinates: 54.43333,35.43333

Latest update: December 4, 2025 19:02