Khanenko Museum, Art museum in central Kyiv, Ukraine

The Khanenko Museum is an art museum housed in two neo-Renaissance buildings in central Kyiv. The mansions contain approximately 25,000 artworks spanning European and Asian art from different periods.

Bohdan Khanenko (1849–1917) and his wife Varvara, née Tereshchenko, assembled the collection over some 40 years of purchases and travels across Europe. Bohdan's will of April 1917 and Varvara's deed of gift to the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in December 1918 left the collection, house and library to the nation. In June 1919 a Soviet decree nationalised the property and a state art museum opened, with Varvara Khanenko helping to arrange the first displays; in 1924 the couple's names were dropped from its title.

The museum's name honours Bohdan and Varvara Khanenko, whose 40-year collecting effort produced one of the finest private collections in the Russian Empire. Varvara, daughter of the sugar magnate Nikola Tereshchenko, also helped found a cottage-industry movement reviving Ukrainian folk art. The couple published catalogues of their holdings between 1899 and 1907.

The museum occupies two neighbouring 19th-century mansions on Tereshchenkivska Street: the Khanenko house holds European art and the Sinai icons, while the former Sakhnovsky house next door holds the Asian collection. The two are entered separately, so allow time for both. The Sinai icons have had their own hall since 2004, and the Asian rooms opened in 2006.

The two buildings were originally private residences and were adapted specifically to house the art collection. The rooms retain their residential character, allowing visitors to see how the collection was displayed over many decades.