Ilú–Tramen Massif, Table mountain massif in Bolívar, Venezuela.
The Ilú-Tramen Massif is a table mountain massif in Bolívar, Venezuela, rising to approximately 2,700 meters above sea level with two distinct rocky plateaus. These plateaus connect through a natural col between the summits.
Stephen Platt and Scharlie Wraight completed the first documented climb of Tramen-tepui on November 24, 1981, ascending from the connecting ridge. This expedition marked the beginning of modern exploration of this isolated summit.
The Pemón Arekuna people call the northern peak Iru or Ilu, a name that differs from the official geographical designation of Tramen-tepui. This naming reflects the indigenous connection to this mountain range.
Reaching this massif requires advanced climbing skills, specialized mountaineering equipment, and careful preparation due to frequent rainfall in the region. The challenging terrain demands experienced climbers and adapted strategies for changing weather conditions.
The isolated summit hosts multiple endemic species, including a toad discovered during a Polish-Venezuelan scientific expedition in 2012. These findings demonstrate that this mountain is a biologically significant refuge for specialized organisms.
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