Fatma Qoba, Archaeological cave in Balaklava Raion, Ukraine.

Fatma Qoba is a shallow rock-shelter in the Kobalar-Dere ravine of the Baydar Valley, on the right bank of the Kobalar-Su stream and facing southeast. It formed by weathering of a dense limestone layer capped by nummulitic limestone, reaches up to 4 m high, and offers about 50 m² of sediment-bearing floor for excavation, while much of the rest is a steeply inclined rocky surface.

The Crimean expedition led by G. A. Bonch-Osmolovsky, with S. A. Trusova and S. N. Bibikov, discovered the Mesolithic site in 1926–27. Excavations resumed in 1956 under S. N. Bibikov, revealing seven layers up to 2 m deep, from Azilian and Tardenoisian cultures to the Copper Age. A crouched male burial, covered with large stones, was removed as a monolith to Leningrad.

The name Fatma Qoba is Crimean Tatar for "Fatma's cave", linking the shelter to a woman's name of Islamic origin. Excavations in 1926–27 and 1956 uncovered a stone setting at the entrance, probably a windbreak, and a crouched burial of a man of the Mediterranean type, about 40 years old, laid on his right side with head to the south-southeast under large stones.

The shelter lies on the right bank of the Kobalar-Su stream in the Kobalar-Dere gully, about 2 km west of Peredove in the Baidar valley. The excavated area covers roughly 50 m², while much of the rest is a bare limestone floor tilted along the dip of the bed. The overhang faces southeast and rises up to 4 m.

Excavators found a stone paving at the entrance to the rock shelter, probably laid as a windbreak. The 1956 dig by Serhiy Bibikov, about 13 m² and up to 2 m deep, re-exposed Bonch-Osmolovsky's earlier trench and confirmed seven layers, with five hearth spots traced.