Gawhar Shad Mausoleum, 15th century Timurid mausoleum in Herat, Afghanistan.
This 15th century Timurid tomb features three stacked domes, with the outer cupola covered in blue-green mosaic tiles and the inner chamber decorated with gold leaf and lapis lazuli. Inside are six black stone grave markers, and the building is part of the larger Musalla Complex with other historical structures nearby.
Built in 1438, the tomb was originally commissioned for Prince Baysunghur, son of the Timurid ruler Shah Rukh. It later became the burial place of Gawhar Shad, the woman who had it built.
The structure shows Persian design traditions and stands as a testament to female patronage in the medieval Timurid world. Visitors can see the influence of powerful women in shaping major monuments of the era.
The best time to visit is early morning or late afternoon when light brings out the mosaic tiles beautifully. The structure sits within the Musalla Complex, where you can explore several other historic buildings nearby.
The inner chamber is designed as a precise square with axial niches, creating a carefully balanced geometric space. Restoration work completed in 2014 refreshed the tile work while keeping the original design intact.
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