Cerro Pan de Azúcar, Mountain summit in Piriápolis, Uruguay
Cerro Pan de Azúcar is a granite hill in the Cuchilla Grande range, in Piriápolis, Maldonado Department. Its summit, 423 metres high, carries a 35-metre concrete cross designed by architect Guillermo Armas O'Shanahan with sculptor José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín and Father Engels Walters. The south slope is the usual ascent; the east slope is steeper and densely vegetated.
In 1890 Francisco Piria, founder of Piriápolis, bought the land including the hill and opened a granite quarry on one slope to supply the resort's construction, employing over 500 workers. In 1933 the sculptor José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín and Father Engels Walters built a 35-metre concrete cross on the summit.
The cross at the summit has become a local landmark that shapes how people view the landscape and connect with the mountain. Visitors often stop here to take in the view and feel part of the region's identity.
The climb is possible via the south slope, where no special mountaineering equipment is needed. The east slope is much steeper and densely vegetated, and is usually attempted with local guides. The summit cross is closed to visitors because of collapse risk. The ascent can also be made from the Parque Pan de Azúcar as the end of the park route.
The breeding station on the eastern slope, opened in 1980 under Tabaré González and the Maldonado municipal government, holds the world's largest captive herd of venado de campo, a native deer, and has already reintroduced animals to the wild. Its animals live in natural enclosures with shelters to reduce stress from visitors.
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