Aguas Calientes caldera, Volcanic caldera in Salta Province, Argentina.
Aguas Calientes caldera is a circular depression set at 4,473 meters (14,675 feet) elevation in Salta Province's high Andes. The basin displays the geological structures of a former volcano with notable ridges and elevated formations within its interior.
The volcano formed through two major eruption phases millions of years ago during the Miocene period. These volcanic events left deposits of rock material that shaped its present-day form.
The name refers to hot springs that occur naturally in this high mountain setting. Local communities have long connected their way of life to these volcanic landscapes.
Reaching this location requires specialized vehicles and advance acclimatization to the extreme elevation. Visitors should bring experienced guides and prepare their fitness levels accordingly.
Two named ridges rise within the crater floor, formed by uplifted rock layers from ancient eruptions. These formations make the basin floor distinctly textured and visually complex.
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