Caldas Department

This administrative region in west-central Colombia sits between the Magdalena and Cauca rivers, covering mountainous terrain in the central Andes range. The territory includes twenty-seven municipalities governed from Manizales.

The territory became important during the 16th century when Spanish colonizers mined gold from its mountains. The administrative division was formed in 1905 and has maintained its structure since then.

The population of Caldas Department includes white, mestizo, indigenous, and afro-Colombian communities, with the paisa cultural group forming the predominant identity.

The capital and other towns connect through the Pan-American Highway and a railroad network. Travelers can move between different municipalities and experience varying elevations.

The region produces coffee alongside minerals such as mercury, silver, coal, and zinc. This variety of resources continues to shape the local economy today.

Location: Colombia

Inception: 1905

Capital city: Manizales

Elevation above the sea: 3,190 m

Reference: CAL

Shares border with: Antioquia, Boyacá Department, Tolima Department, Risaralda Department, Cundinamarca Department

Website: http://gobernaciondecaldas.gov.co

GPS coordinates: 5.28333,-75.35000

Latest update: December 12, 2025 22:50