Hintereis Glacier, Alpine glacier in Sölden, Austria
Hintereis Glacier is a valley glacier in the Ötztal Alps, flowing from the 3,738 m Weißkugel east and then northeast into the Rofental, a side valley of the Venter Tal. It is a typical alpine valley glacier with a long tongue lying in an evenly sloping trough valley, around 7 km long and just under 7 km² in area. Its firn basin is bordered by the Im Hinteren Eis, Teufelsegg and Innere Quellspitze peaks to the southeast and by the Langtauferer Spitze and Weißkugel to the northwest.
The glacier reached its greatest recent extent in 1850, when its tongue ran past the Hochjochbach inflow to below the Rofenbergalm, a length of 10 km. Around 1900, drilling through the ice at several points led to the development of the theory of glacier ice flow. Mass-balance measurements by the University of Innsbruck form one of the world's longest series; since 1850 the volume has shrunk to about a third, roughly 0.5 km³.
The glacier's name, Hintereisferner, refers to the "rear ice" at the head of the Rofental valley. Since around 1900, boreholes drilled into the ice here led to the development of the theory of glacier ice flow. Measurements of mass balance by the Institute of Meteorology and Geophysics of the University of Innsbruck form one of the world's longest series.
The glacier is not a site for walks or ski routes; its tongue lies in the Rofental, reached on foot from Vent. The surface is heavily covered with debris in its lower part, and the ice has lost about two thirds of its volume since 1850. Access is for mountaineers with glacier equipment; the Alpenverein map 30/2 (1:25,000) covers the area.
The Hintereisferner is the first glacier worldwide for which a Glacier Loss Day is determined each year. Since 1850 its volume has shrunk to a third, about 0.5 km³, and a snow-poor winter with a hot summer cost it 5% of its mass in 2022.
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