Tiantishan Grottoes, Buddhist cave temple complex in Liangzhou District, China.
Tiantishan Grottoes comprise nineteen caves arranged in three tiers along the eastern cliffs of the Huangyang River in the Qilian Mountains. The caves contain carved stone sculptures and wall paintings spanning multiple periods of Chinese history.
The caves were excavated during the Northern Liang period between 397 and 439 CE and later expanded through subsequent dynasties. The carved and painted works demonstrate how Buddhist artistic styles evolved across centuries.
The caves display Buddhist artworks that blend Indian Gandhara styles with Chinese techniques. Visitors can observe the carved figures and wall paintings that reflect this cultural fusion today.
The site is located south of Wuwei and requires a walk from the parking area to reach the entrance. Sturdy shoes are helpful, and it is wise to plan time to explore the various cave levels at a leisurely pace.
Many original artworks and paintings from the caves were relocated to the Gansu Provincial Museum in 1960 to make way for a hydroelectric dam. This move means the most valuable pieces are now preserved at a different location.
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