Tumubao, Military fortress in Huailai County, China
The earth and brick fortress extends 500 meters from north to south and 1000 meters from east to west, with remaining walls reaching 7 meters high.
In 1449, Emperor Yingzong of Ming led 220,000 soldiers to Tumubao, where Oirat forces defeated them and captured the emperor during the Tumu Crisis.
The Xianzhong Temple stands within the fortress grounds as a memorial to Ming military officers who died during the 1449 battle.
The fortress ruins lie 10 kilometers east of Huailai County, between Juyongguan and Datong, forming part of the Great Wall defense network.
The fortress features a boat-shaped layout, with only its southern and western sections surviving from the original Ming dynasty construction.
Location: Huailai County
GPS coordinates: 40.37917,115.61172
Latest update: July 24, 2025 11:45
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