Fountain of the three orders, Grenoble, Marble fountain in Place Notre-Dame, Grenoble, France.
The Fontaine des trois ordres on Place Notre-Dame has a circular basin 12 metres across; at its centre a 9-metre pedestal carries three marble figures of Carrara marble, reconciled around tables inscribed with the rights of man. Four bronze tritons blow a vertical jet from their conches and four bronze griffins spout water from their nostrils. The pedestal's four faces bear gilded inscriptions of key dates of the Revolution.
Deputy Gustave Rivet proposed a centenary monument in August 1886, and sculptor Henri Ding was chosen; the municipal council approved a fountain in 1889, and it was inaugurated on 4 August 1897 in the presence of President Félix Faure. It commemorates the 1788 Journée des Tuiles and the Réunion des états généraux du Dauphiné. In 1942 the bronzes were sent for melting under the German occupation and were restored in 1957.
The three figures represent the social groups that existed before the French Revolution: nobility, clergy, and commoners. They show the hierarchical order that shaped Grenoble's society at that time.
The fountain stands on Place Notre-Dame in central Grenoble, where the tramway line to Chapareillan began service at its foot on 23 December 1899. The circular basin measures 12 metres across, so you can walk around it to read the gilded inscriptions on all four faces of the pedestal.
At the 1897 inauguration, thousands came to cheer President Félix Faure at the town hall, yet the sculptor Henri Ding was never even presented to him. In 1942, under German occupation, the bronzes were sent to be melted down despite the mayor's protests; they were restored and reinaugurated on 12 October 1957.
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