Lankatilaka Vihara, Buddhist temple in Udunuwara, Kandy District, Sri Lanka

Lankatilaka Vihara is a Buddhist temple on Panhalgala Rock in Udunuwara, near Pilimatalawa. Its image house, originally a four-storey mansion of eighty feet, now shows three storeys: whitewashed lower walls with carved figures in niches, three stacked dark-tiled roof tiers, and a small square pavilion with a slender finial. A shallow arched niche on the projecting right section holds a standing pale figure.

Built in the 14th century during the reign of King Bhuvanekabahu IV (1341–1351), the temple was entrusted by the king to his chief minister Senalankadhikara. The South Indian architect Sathapati Rayar designed it, and according to Senarath Paranavithana he brought Tamil Pandya sculptors from Tamil Nadu. The Lankatilaka copper plaque records that the image house was originally a four-storeyed mansion eighty feet high; only three storeys remain.

Six devales stand within the image house, dedicated to Upulvan, Ganapathi, Saman, Vibhishana, Kataragama deviyo and Kumara Bandara. Kumara Bandara is held to be the guardian deity of Lankatilaka. The Tamil and Sinhala sections of the rock inscriptions record the kings' endowments to the temple.

Reaching the complex requires climbing several stone steps from the road below. Visitors should prepare for an uphill walk and wear proper footwear.

The complex walls display inscriptions in both Sinhala and Tamil from medieval times. These bilingual texts record royal donations and administrative details that offer insight into governance practices of that era.