Fa Hien Cave

Fa Hien Cave is a limestone cave in Ratnapura District that extends deep into the mountain with multiple chambers containing natural rock formations. The rooms are connected by narrow passages that visitors can explore to see the geological features of the complex.

The site was settled by humans around 37,000 years ago, as revealed by archaeological excavations uncovering human remains and tools. This makes it one of South Asia's oldest documented human settlements and indicates very early occupation of the island.

The cave takes its name from the Chinese Buddhist monk Fa Hien, who documented his travels through Sri Lanka in the 5th century and recognized this site as spiritually important. Visitors today understand the location through this connection to early Buddhist networks across Asia.

Access the cave via marked hiking trails from Bulathsinhala town; local guides are available to explain archaeological and geological details. The paths require normal hiking ability, and visitors should bring appropriate shoes and water.

Researchers found remains of both marine and land animals in this inland cave, indicating sophisticated hunting and gathering practices. These findings suggest prehistoric inhabitants traded across distances or migrated seasonally.