Mustang Caves, Ancient cave complex in Mustang District, Nepal
Mustang Caves is a vast cave network carved into steep valley walls near the Kali Gandaki River, with thousands of chambers spread across multiple levels. The complex displays evidence of different phases of use and contains remnants of structures, artifacts, and wall decorations from its long history of habitation.
Early inhabitants used the caves as burial grounds starting around 1000 BC, establishing this site as an important settlement region. The preserved human remains found inside date back thousands of years, confirming continuous habitation throughout the ancient period.
The caves contain Buddhist paintings, sculptures, and religious texts created centuries ago that show Tibetan artistic traditions. When you walk through, you can see how believers used these spaces for spiritual practice and created lasting religious artworks.
Visiting requires good physical condition since you must hike on steep mountain trails to reach and explore the caves. The nearby museum near Jomsom airport provides helpful context with recovered items and exhibits explaining the site's significance.
Unlike typical dwellings, many of these caves were intentionally designed and maintained as burial chambers and tombs for the dead. This specialized use reveals how ancient people expressed their beliefs about death and the afterlife through the careful arrangement of underground spaces.
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