Kafirkala

Kafirkala is an archaeological site in the Vakhsh Valley containing the remains of a fortified medieval settlement. The ruins include a central citadel with surrounding residential and administrative areas, along with a cemetery section, all organized within a defined square layout.

The settlement was the center of a regional princedom from the 3rd to 6th centuries and served as an important hub for trade and cultural exchange. It was later destroyed and abandoned after military invasions of the region.

The monastery interior shows wall paintings with Buddhist imagery and religious scenes that reveal the spiritual life of its residents. These artworks remain visible today and offer insight into the faith that was practiced here.

The site is located on the outskirts of Kolkhozabad and is accessible by vehicle, with ruins exposed to the open air. Visitors should prepare for sun and uneven ground, bringing suitable clothing and water.

The fortifications showcase a sophisticated defense system with double walls and towers that represent advanced engineering for its time. A wide ditch encircling the entire compound played a key role in its defensive strategy.